Organoids are made to model human organs and are promising for research and therapy, but there are limitations to their growth and function. A recent study by researchers at The University of Tokyo found that placenta-derived IL1α, under hypoxic conditions, can greatly increase the growth of human stem cell-derived liver organoids. By promoting liver progenitor cell expansion through a specific signaling pathway, this method offers a promising route to improve organoid models and regenerative medicine.